Northwestern University

Measures how much of every dollar spent actually reaches programs, plus what it costs to raise $100 of donations. The worse of the two measures sets the letter (85%+ to programs is an A; under $15 to raise $100 is an A), averaged over the three most recent filings. For Northwestern University: 91% to programs · $14 to raise $100 earns a A on this criterion. See the exact thresholds →

Measures whether the organization is built to last: how many months its reserves would cover expenses (3+ months earns an A-range score, but hoarding 5+ years of budget is capped) and whether it runs a surplus or a deficit. For Northwestern University: 48 mo reserves · +6% margin earns a A on this criterion. See the exact thresholds →

Checks how the organization is run, from its own Form 990: an independent board majority, a board of five or more, conflict-of-interest, whistleblower and document-retention policies, and independently audited financials. The share of disclosed checks that pass sets the letter. For Northwestern University: 6 of 6 checks met earns a A+ on this criterion. See the exact thresholds →

Counts five disclosure signals: a recent filing, a mission statement, program descriptions, a listed website, and the full expense breakdown. More disclosure, better letter. For Northwestern University: 5 of 5 disclosure signals earns a A+ on this criterion. See the exact thresholds →