Massachusetts Audubon Society Inc is a 501(c)(3) organization based in Lincoln, Massachusetts, registered in 1951, with $56,198,154 in FY2024 revenue. CharityIndex grades it A, and it directs about 82% of spending to programs.
Revenue (FY2024)
$56.2M
▼ 23.7% vs prior year
Environment median: $250K
Expenses (FY2024)
$53.9M
Net assets
$388.6M
Employees
1,239
Measures how much of every dollar spent actually reaches programs, plus what it costs to raise $100 of donations. The worse of the two measures sets the letter (85%+ to programs is an A; under $15 to raise $100 is an A), averaged over the three most recent filings. For Massachusetts Audubon Society Inc: 82% to programs · $12 to raise $100 earns a A on this criterion. See the exact thresholds →
Measures whether the organization is built to last: how many months its reserves would cover expenses (3+ months earns an A-range score, but hoarding 5+ years of budget is capped) and whether it runs a surplus or a deficit. For Massachusetts Audubon Society Inc: 86 mo reserves · +4% margin earns a B+ on this criterion. See the exact thresholds →
Checks how the organization is run, from its own Form 990: an independent board majority, a board of five or more, conflict-of-interest, whistleblower and document-retention policies, and independently audited financials. The share of disclosed checks that pass sets the letter. For Massachusetts Audubon Society Inc: 6 of 6 checks met earns a A+ on this criterion. See the exact thresholds →
Counts five disclosure signals: a recent filing, a mission statement, program descriptions, a listed website, and the full expense breakdown. More disclosure, better letter. For Massachusetts Audubon Society Inc: 5 of 5 disclosure signals earns a A+ on this criterion. See the exact thresholds →
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Land and habitat conservation and environmental education and advocacy.
In addition to the services provided by the network of sanctuaries and the education programming referred to above which are available to members and non-members alike, mass audubon members also enjoy a printed newsletter (explore) produced four times per year, a monthly e-newsletter (explorations), discounts on programs and at gift shops, and publications to increase public awareness of wildlife, nature, and environmental issues. in addition, the mass audubon website (www.massaudubon.org) offers a wide variety of information on mass audubon's sanctuaries, conservation efforts, land protection projects, advocacy issues, climate change work, and the natural world. mass audubon also operates a gift shop in lincoln which sells merchandise related to nature, wildlife observation and environmental education to both members and non-members as well as a number of smaller nature-themed gift shops at many of the sanctuaries.
Mass audubon utilizes and develops scientific knowledge to support its longstanding tradition as an organization which uses science as the underpinning for its education, land protection, advocacy and habitat stewardship activities. current research and/or ecological management work focuses on the protection, restoration, and stewardship of selected massachusetts habitats such as grasslands, coastal heathlands, retired cranberry bogs, and salt marshes. in addition, monitoring of key groups of organisms such as birds, amphibians, invertebrates and plants continues across the state in order to provide an important baseline to evaluate changing environmental conditions associated with climate change and land development. mass audubon has also developed and implements an invasive species management strategy to protect the integrity of its lands as well as to provide guidance for other landowners throughout the state.mass audubon lands play a critical role in the delivery of its mission, and its land protection efforts focus on conserving ecologically significant tracts of land adjacent to existing wildlife sanctuaries, thereby protecting and enhancing their biological integrity and viability as program sites. mass audubon also advances the protection of high priority focus areas beyond its existing wildlife sanctuaries through collaboration with state and local public agencies and local and regional land trusts. collectively, these protection priorities include a wide range of massachusetts habitats.
Key mass audubon advocacy accomplishments in fy 2025 include: 1. massachusetts governor maura healey signed a sweeping climate and energy bill into law for which mass audubon had lobbied. this act promotes a clean energy grid, advances equity, and protects ratepayers and will provide much-needed reform to the state's approach to siting and permitting clean energy infrastructure. this is a big step forward for clean energy in massachusetts.2. mass audubon launched the nature for massachusetts coalition, fighting for an increase in state investments for nature. the campaign kicked off with a state house launch event in support of the legislation, an act providing nature for all.3. mass audubon also participated in state energy siting reform processes, with the goal of shifting incentives to put more solar projects on buildings and developed areas, and fewer large-scale projects in forests and on farms. this included mass audubon's appointment to the state's commission on energy infrastructure siting and permitting.4. mass audubon's rescue raptors campaign to curb harmful rodent poisons continues to grow, with over 90 communities now organizing around the issue across the state. 36 towns and cities have reduced the use of these poisons (sgars) on municipal property, and 18 have filed (or will soon file) home rule petitions to request authority to restrict sgars on private property. in a virtual forum attended by over 300 people, mass audubon also brought together new england's leading poison-free pest control professionals
Revenue grew from $29.6M (FY2013) to $56.2M (FY2024) across 12 reported years.
Financial snapshot
Operating margin
4.0%
Revenue exceeded expenses in the latest fiscal year.
Total assets
$402.0M
Total liabilities
$13.4M
Net assets
$388.6M
Salaries & benefits
$38.6M
72% of expenses
Board members
26
26 independent
| Fiscal year | Revenue | Expenses | Net assets | Total assets | Form |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $56,198,154▼23.7% | $53,931,073▲5.3% | $388,551,548▲5.4% | $401,973,582▲5.5% | 990 |
| 2023 | $73,656,149▲50.7% | $51,223,368▲11.9% | $368,509,771▲11.6% | $380,857,060▲11.0% | 990 |
| 2022 | $48,886,787▼1.5% | $45,788,542▲20.6% | $330,130,094▲5.4% | $343,260,160▲5.2% | 990 |
| 2021 | $49,638,097▲30.7% | $37,972,975▲33.0% | $313,181,716▼7.4% | $326,378,575▼8.1% | 990 |
| 2020 | $37,986,297▼0.8% | $28,542,015▼10.8% | $338,074,762▲19.8% | $355,065,966▲22.0% | 990 |
| 2019 | $38,308,793▼21.0% | $31,983,271▼2.1% | $282,113,006▲2.4% | $290,978,469▼1.1% | 990 |
| 2018 | $48,480,848▲38.8% | $32,681,589▲8.7% | $275,557,461▲8.3% | $294,195,135▲10.8% | 990 |
| 2017 | $34,930,789▲23.7% | $30,064,924▲2.0% | $254,460,735▲4.8% | $265,422,571▲4.6% | 990 |
| 2016 | $28,243,141▼2.3% | $29,467,469▲7.8% | $242,828,923▲5.6% | $253,669,465▲5.5% | 990 |
| 2015 | $28,896,466▼0.6% | $27,336,197▲3.1% | $230,059,264▼0.5% | $240,430,364▼0.8% | 990 |
| 2014 | $29,066,135▼1.7% | $26,505,413▲7.0% | $231,284,054▼1.4% | $242,474,582▼0.5% | 990 |
| 2013 | $29,575,408 | $24,760,625▲2.4% | $234,650,776▲9.2% | $243,744,134▲8.6% | 990 |
| 2012 | — | $24,174,866▼0.7% | $214,848,253▲4.0% | $224,348,325▲3.7% | 990 |
| 2011 | — | $24,333,782▲8.9% | $206,579,703▼3.3% | $216,307,050▼3.1% | 990 |
| 2010 | — | $22,355,317 | $213,719,602 | $223,281,190 | 990 |
Original Form 990 PDFs (the Form column) are served by ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer, as filed with the IRS. Create a free account to download the CSV report.
Highest-paid: David J O'neill — $457,297 (0.85% of total expenses)
| Name | Title | Hours/week | Compensation |
|---|---|---|---|
| David J O'neill | Preident | 39.5 | $457,297 |
| Victoria J Jones | Chief Development Officer | 40 | $356,587 |
| Bancroft Poor | Cfo/asst. Treasurer | 39.5 | $298,546 |
| Jocelyn Forbush | Chief Conservation Officer | 40 | $297,867 |
| Laurie Anne Marden | Deputy Dir., Campaign & Development | 40 | $230,604 |
| Gail Yeo | Vp of Wildlife | 40 | $211,585 |
| Michelle M Manion | Vp For Policy & Advocacy | 40 | $204,767 |
| Jan O'neil Officer Until 624 | Dir. of Membership/asst. Treas. | 40 | $167,906 |
| Amanda Hukanovic | Asst. Treas/sr. Business & Financial Analysis | 40 | $101,965 |
| Margo Mercer | Asst. Secretary/chief of Staff | 40 | $98,777 |
| Mallory Kender | Secretary/ea To President | 40 | $95,337 |
| Kristin Barr | Asst. Secretary/ea To Cfo | 30 | $59,512 |
| Al Nierenberg | Director | 1 | — |
| Andrew Falender | Director | 1 | — |
| Annie Hollingsworth | Director | 1 | — |
| Beth Kressley Goldstein | Chair | 6 | — |
| Bob Murchison | Director | 1 | — |
| Brian Hicks | Director | 1 | — |
| Candace Lun Plotkin | Director | 1 | — |
| Carol Gregory | Director (until 10/24) | 1 | — |
| Contractor | Services | Paid |
|---|---|---|
| Andrew Meyer | Operational Consultant | $337,935 |
| Stagecoach Digital | Marketing Consultant | $322,452 |
| Agency Landscape & Planning LLC | Landscape Architect | $250,625 |
| Prime Buchholz LLC | Investment Consultants | $181,151 |
| Cbiz Advisors LLC | Audit/tax Services | $161,926 |
190 grants to Massachusetts Audubon Society Inc totaling $22.9M, reported by foundations on their Schedule I filings — showing the 15 most recent.
| Grantmaker | Purpose | Year | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|
| American Online Giving Foundation Inc | General support | 2024 | $87,007 |
| T Rowe Price Program For Charitable Giving Inc | Multiple | 2024 | $33,600 |
| Greater Horizons | Environment & animals | 2024 | $31,000 |
| Fiduciary Charitable Foundation | Donations | 2024 | $26,500 |
| Bny Mellon Charitable Gift Fund | To further the organization's exempt purpose | 2024 | $23,500 |
| Gs Donor Advised Philanthropy Fund For Wealth Management Inc | Environment & animal protection | 2024 | $22,000 |
| Fiduciary Charitable Foundation | Donations | 2024 | $18,000 |
| Morgan Stanley Global Impact Funding Trust Inc | Unrestricted general support | 2024 | $17,000 |
| American Endowment Foundation | Environmental | 2024 | $16,600 |
| Santa Barbara Foundation | Environment and animals | 2024 | $15,000 |
| Raymond James Charitable Endowment Fund | General support | 2024 | $13,100 |
| The Us Charitable Gift Trust | For recipient's exempt purpose | 2024 | $10,325 |
| Ayco Charitable Foundation | Environment & animal protection | 2024 | $7,950 |
| Greater Kansas City Community Foundation | Environment & animals | 2024 | $5,600 |
| Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund | For grant recipient's exempt purposes | 2023 | $1,698,577 |
1 grant totaling $10K in FY2024. All grants made by Massachusetts Audubon Society Inc →
| Recipient | Purpose | Amount |
|---|---|---|
| Massachusetts Land Trust Coalition | Conference sponsor | $10,000 |
Explore more
Data for Massachusetts Audubon Society Inc (EIN 04-2104702) comes from the IRS Business Master File and e-filed Form 990 returns, via CharityIndex. Figures reflect what the organization reported to the IRS for each fiscal year.